B1. Characteristics of Living Organisms

 (0654) Coordinated Sciences 

Subheadings and Key concepts

• Movement
• Respiration
• Sensivity
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Excretion
• Nutrition

1.4. Dichotomous keys

Keys are used by biologists in the process of identifying organisms.

'Dichotomous' = branching (dividing) into two. 

1.3. Features of organisms

 

The largest group of classification is Kingdom. There are 5 kingdoms and they are: Animal, Plant, Fungus, Prokaryote and Protoctist.

1.2. Concept and use of a classification system

 

Organisms can be classified into groups based on the features they share.

Shared features suggest that organisms are related to each other, and so have evolutionary relationships.

1.1. Characteristics of living organisms

 

7 characteristics that distinguish living things from non-living objects are:

Nutrition, Excretion, Respiration, Sensitivity, Reproduction, Growth and Movement. 

01.Classification of Living things pdf

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#13 Summary of Classification of Living things

Here is a brief summary of previous topics. 

#12: Using simple keys

The identification of biological organisms can be greatly simplified using tools such as dichotomous keys. It is a written set of choices, each involving two statements, that leads to the name of an organism. Scientists use these to identify unknown organisms.

#11: Fungi Kingdom

For a very long time, fungi were classified as plants. However, they are very different from plants and belong to their own kingdom. Fungi do not have chlorophyll and do not photosynthesise.

#10: Bacteria Kingdom

Bacteria cells are very different from the cells of all other organisms: they do not have a nucleus.

#9: Viruses

Viruses are not true living things. They are not considered to be alive, because on their own they can do nothing until they enter a living cell.

#8: Plant Kingdom

Plants are multicellular organisms, with cell wall made of cellulose. They include small organisms such as mosses, ferns and flowering plants.

# 7 Other groups of invertebrates

Details about some more phyla of invertebrates: 

Annelids, Nematodes, Molluscs. 

#6 Phylum Arthropods

There are more arthropods than any other group of animals, so they are divided into classes: 

Insects, Crustaceans, Arachnids and Myriapods.

# 5 Phylum Vertebrates

Vertebrates are animals with backbones. They are divided into 5 groups called classes: '

Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals.

# 4: Animal Kingdom - Classification

The animal kingdom contains many phyla. Some of them are: 

Vertebrates, Arthropods, Annelids, Molluscs, Nematodes. 

# 3: Five Kingdoms of living things

All living things are divided into 5 kingdoms. Each kingdom has certain characteristics that all members of that group shared. They are:

Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctists, Bacteria (Prokaryotes)

# 2: Classification of living organisms

Classification: The scientific method of dividing organisms into smaller and larger groups, on basis of their similarities.

# 1: Characteristics of living organisms

The 7 characteristics that distinguish living things from non-living objects are: Nutrition, Excretion, Respiration, Sensitivity, Reproduction, Growth and Movement.